Âåñòè ÏðèâîëæüåÍîâîñòè Íèæíåãî ÍîâãîðîäàÂåñòè

Îïòèìèñòû èëè ïåññèìèñòû? Ó÷¸íûå âûÿñíèëè, êòî æèâ¸ò äîëüøå

23:37
28.08.19
0
634
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28 àâãóñòà 2019, ÃÒÐÊ "Íèæíèé Íîâãîðîä" . Îïòèìèñòû æèâóò äîëüøå, ÷åì ëþäè ñ ìåíåå ðàäóæíûì âçãëÿäîì íà ìèð. Ê òàêîìó âûâîäó ïðèøëè èññëåäîâàòåëè èç Øêîëû ìåäèöèíû ïðè Óíèâåðñèòåòå Áîñòîíà. Îá ýòîì ñîîáùàåò Âåñòè.Íàóêà.


×èòàòü äàëåå
Ãðóïïà ñïåöèàëèñòîâ èçó÷èëà äàííûå äâóõ êðóïíûõ èññëåäîâàíèé, ïåðâîå èç êîòîðûõ âêëþ÷àëî â ñåáÿ èíôîðìàöèþ î áîëåå ÷åì 69 òûñÿ÷àõ æåíùèí, äðóãîå – î ïî÷òè 1450 ìóæ÷èíàõ. Èõ âîçðàñò âàðüèðîâàëñÿ îò 41 ãîäà äî 90 ëåò. Ñïåöèàëèñòû íàáëþäàëè çà èõ ñîñòîÿíèåì â òå÷åíèå 10-30 ëåò.

Îöåíèòü, íàñêîëüêî ó÷àñòíèêè èññëåäîâàíèÿ îïòèìèñòè÷íû, ó÷¸íûì ïîìîãëè àíêåòû, çàïîëíåííûå èñïûòóåìûìè. Íàïðèìåð, ðåñïîíäåíòîâ ïðîñèëè âûðàçèòü èõ ñòåïåíü ñîãëàñèÿ ñ ôðàçîé " öåëîì ÿ îæèäàþ, ÷òî ñî ìíîé ïðîèçîéä¸ò áîëüøå õîðîøèé ñîáûòèé, ÷åì ïëîõèõ".

Èññëåäîâàòåëè òàêæå ó÷ëè ñîñòîÿíèå çäîðîâüÿ ó÷àñòíèêîâ îïðîñà, èõ îáðàç æèçíè, êîòîðûé âêëþ÷àë â ñåáÿ ñâåäåíèÿ î ðàöèîíå è âûïîëíåíèè ôèçè÷åñêèõ óïðàæíåíèé.

Âûÿñíèëîñü, ÷òî ñàìûå îïòèìèñòè÷íûå æåíùèíû æèëè â ñðåäíåì íà 14,9 ïðîöåíòîâ äîëüøå, ÷åì èõ áîëåå ïåññèìèñòè÷íûå ñâåðñòíèöû.

Õîðîøèé íàñòðîé âëèÿë è íà ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòü æèçíè ìóæ÷èí: ñàìûå îïòèìèñòè÷íûå èç íèõ ïðîæèëè íà 10,9 ïðîöåíòîâ äîëüøå äðóãèõ ó÷àñòíèêîâ òîãî æå ïîëà.

Êðîìå òîãî, íàèáîëåå îïòèìèñòè÷íûå æåíùèíû è ìóæ÷èíû äîæèâàëè äî 85 ëåò ÷àùå ìåíåå æèçíåðàäîñòíûõ ëþäåé: â 1,5 ðàçà è â 1,7 ðàçà, ñîîòâåòñòâåííî.

Îòìåòèì, ÷òî ñïåöèàëèñòû íå ïåðâûé ãîä ãîâîðÿò î ïîëîæèòåëüíîì âëèÿíèè îïòèìèñòè÷åñêîãî ìûøëåíèÿ íà çäîðîâüå ÷åëîâåêà.  ÷àñòíîñòè, èìåííî îïòèìèçì ñïîñîáåí ïîìîãàòü ëþäÿì ðåãóëÿðíî âûïîëíÿòü ôèçè÷åñêèå óïðàæíåíèÿ è ïðèäåðæèâàòüñÿ çäîðîâîãî ïèòàíèÿ, à òàêæå áîðîòüñÿ ñ ðàçëè÷íûìè èñêóøåíèÿìè, òàêèìè êàê àëêîãîëü è ñèãàðåòû.

Îïòèìèñòû òàêæå ìîãóò ëó÷øå ñïðàâëÿòüñÿ ñî ñòðåññîì, ÷åì ïåññèìèñòû, ïèøóò àâòîðû ðàáîòû.

Âïðî÷åì, ó÷¸íûå íå ó÷èòûâàëè âñå ôàêòîðû, êîòîðûå ìîãëè áû ïîâëèÿòü íà æèçíåðàäîñòíîñòü èñïûòóåìûõ â ìîìåíòû îïðîñà, íàïðèìåð, ñìåðòü áëèçêîãî ÷åëîâåêà èëè ïîòåðþ ðàáîòû.

Êàê óòî÷íÿþò ñïåöèàëèñòû, îíè âûÿâèëè ëèøü ñâÿçü ìåæäó íàñòðîåì è ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòüþ æèçíè, íî ïîêà íå ìîãóò ñêàçàòü íàâåðíÿêà, ÷òî îïòèìèçì ïîìîãàåò ëþäÿì æèòü äîëüøå. ×òîáû âûÿñíèòü, ìîæåò ëè æèçíåðîäîñòíîñòü ïðèâåñòè ê óëó÷øåíèþ çäîðîâüÿ êàê â êðàòêîñðî÷íîé, òàê è â äîëãîñðî÷íîé ïåðñïåêòèâå, ïîòðåáóþòñÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíûå èññëåäîâàíèÿ.

Áîëåå ïîäðîáíî ñ ðåçóëüòàòàìè ðàáîòû ìîæíî îçíàêîìèòüñÿ â èçäàíèè Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Ê ñëîâó, îïòèìèñòû òàêæå ñïÿò äîëüøå è ëó÷øå ïåññèìèñòîâ. À âîò âåñòè áèçíåñ ëó÷øå óäà¸òñÿ ïîñëåäíèì.

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